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- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.
AIDS is caused by HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). AIDS is the final and most serious stage of the disease caused by HIV. It is characterized by signs and symptoms of immunodeficiency (lack of defense against infection) very intense.
This virus attacks the immune system and leaves the body vulnerable to a variety of diseases. These diseases are usually caused by bacteria, fungi and viruses that ordinarily not very common cause disease.
HIV has been found in blood, semen, saliva, tears, nervous tissue, breast milk, and genital tract secretions.However it is proven that they are blood, semen, genital tract secretions, and breast milk that transmit the infection to others. The transmission of the virus occurs through sexual contact, including anal, vaginal and oral blood through transfusions or infected needle, and the fetus in pregnant women, or breastfeeding baby.Other methods rarest of transmission include accidental needle puncture, artificial insemination, in which transmission occurs through donated sperm, and kidney transplantation, in which the transmitter is the donated kidney.The infection is not spread by casual contact such as hugging or touching, or by inanimate objects such as seats or food service, or by mosquitoes. It is not transmitted to people who donate blood (though it can be transmitted from contaminated blood to the person receiving the transfusion). It is for this reason that analyze blood bank donors and blood. Nor is transmitted to a person who, for example, donates a kidney for a transplant.
AIDS is preceded by HIV infection, which may not produce symptoms for 10 years even before the person is diagnosed with AIDS. Acute HIV infection progresses over time to become asymptomatic HIV infection progresses and then eventually become AIDS or HIV disease. In a study conducted between 1977-1980 on HIV carriers, some of them did not show any signs or symptoms of infection, while others just had swollen lymph nodes. It is suspected that all people infected with HIV, develop AIDS after a certain time. This theory has not be definitively proven.
Historical risk groups were male homosexuals or bisexuals, intravenous drug addicts who shared needles, sexual partners of those in high risk groups, infants born to mothers with HIV. But today move to heterosexual sexual contact, and especially in adolescents. HIV infection is increasing fastest among young people. One in four infections in the U.S. occur among young people under 22 years. In 1993, 588 new diagnosed cases of AIDS among people 13 to 19 years old and 3911 new cases among 20 to 24 years of age. Because the infection can occur up to 10 years before an AIDS diagnosis, this means that most people infected with HIV during adolescence or early adolescence.
Since 1985 the controls for blood products and are very rigid and hemophiliacs are not in high-risk groups.
Complications
AIDS is presented with manifestations of immune deficiency, also called opportunistic infections. These diseases are AIDS patients frequently acquire. Sometimes there will be more than one infection at a time.Many of these infections are difficult to treat, and therapy is required indefinitely to prevent relapse:
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Make an appointment with your doctor if you have any risk factor for acquiring AIDS, or AIDS symptoms are present. The results and HIV tests are confidential by law. The test results will be reviewed between your doctor and you.
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